Oncology is a specialised branch of medicine that focuses on the study, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. While the subject may seem complex, understanding the basics can empower individuals to take charge of their health.

What is Cancer?

Cancer occurs when cells in the body grow uncontrollably, forming tumours or spreading to other parts of the body. Different types of cancer—such as breast, lung, and prostate cancer—require unique treatments based on their nature and progression.

Early Detection Saves Lives

Many cancers can be successfully treated if detected early. Regular screenings play a crucial role in identifying cancer before symptoms appear, significantly improving the chances of successful treatment. Don't wait—early diagnosis can save lives.

If you're at risk due to family history, lifestyle factors, or age, talk to a doctor about recommended screening tests such as:

✔ Mammograms (for breast cancer)

✔ Pap smears (for cervical cancer)

✔ Colonoscopy (for colorectal cancer)

✔ PSA tests (for prostate cancer)

Lower Your Cancer Risk with Healthy Choices

While some risk factors are beyond our control, certain lifestyle changes can reduce your cancer risk:

✔ Eat a nutritious diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

✔ Maintain an active lifestyle with regular exercise.

✔ Avoid tobacco and alcohol consumption.

✔ Get regular health check-ups and screenings.

These small yet powerful changes can lower the likelihood of developing cancer and improve overall well-being.

Stages of Cancer: Understanding the Progression

Cancer is typically classified into five stages, which help doctors determine the severity of the disease and the best treatment options:

🔹 Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ): Abnormal cells are present but have not spread. This stage is highly treatable.

🔹 Stage I (Early-Stage Cancer): A small tumour is present but has not spread to lymph nodes or other organs.

🔹 Stage II & III (Localized and Regional Spread): The cancer has grown larger and may have spread to nearby lymph nodes but not to distant organs.

🔹 Stage IV (Metastatic Cancer): The cancer has spread to distant organs, making treatment more complex but still possible.

Scientific Facts About Cancer You Should Know

✔ Cancer is not just one disease. There are over 100 different types of cancer, each requiring different treatments.

✔ Early detection increases survival rates. Many cancers have over 90% survival rates if diagnosed at an early stage.

✔ Genetics play a role, but lifestyle matters more. Only 5–10% of cancers are inherited, while most are influenced by lifestyle choices.

✔ The immune system can fight cancer. New treatments like immunotherapy help the body’s immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells.

✔ Not all tumours are cancerous. Benign tumours do not spread, while malignant tumours can invade other tissues.

What to Do After a Cancer Diagnosis

Being diagnosed with cancer can be overwhelming, both for the patient and their loved ones. Here are some steps to take:

✅ Stay Informed: Learn about your type of cancer, treatment options, and prognosis. Ask your doctor questions.

✅ Seek a Specialist: Consult an oncologist to discuss the best treatment plan for your condition.

✅ Build a Support System: Talk to family, friends, or support groups for emotional and practical help.

✅ Focus on Your Health: Follow a nutritious diet, manage stress, stay active (if possible) and adhere to your prescribed medication as advised by your doctor.

✅ Stay Positive: While cancer is challenging, advances in treatment are improving survival rates and quality of life.

Hope, Healing, and Expert Care at Horizon Hospital

A cancer diagnosis can be overwhelming, but support networks, advanced treatments, and expert care are here to help. At Horizon Hospital, our experienced oncologists, Dr. Gunjan Baijal and Dr. Eugene Rent, are dedicated to providing compassionate and comprehensive cancer care.

Take Charge of Your Health Today!

If you or a loved one needs expert cancer care, don’t hesitate to reach out. Early detection and the right medical support can make all the difference.

💙 Stay informed. Stay healthy. Let's fight cancer together! 💙